“I recently got a job and have been getting calls for positions I previously applied to. Is there any reason I should return the calls?”

Always a good idea to return a call. This is a contact in your field of interest. If you cannot make use of the opportunity now, you never know when you could in the future. Alert the person that you have recently found employment but you would be interested in future opportunities. Inquire as to what would be the best way to stay in touch and if they would like to meet with you in person to learn more about your professional abilities and skills. The better you get to know the person professionally, the more likely it is that you can count them in your network of contacts. Once you have connected with the person a few times, send an invitation to connect formally on Linkedin.com

The Graduation Party: Chips, Soda and Resumes

Recently I attended a friend’s graduation party and was impressed with her idea. Besides the usual party fare on the table such as chips, soda and pretzels, “Anna” had placed her resume. The sign asked that each person take a copy and that they “please help Anna find a job”. Anna even placed two different versions of her resume, depending on the area of specialization the company may be looking for. I thought it was a great way to remind her friends, family and associates at the party to be on the lookout for her if they hear or know of something in her field. While Anna may have been a bit intimidated to ask the same people on a one to one basis to help her, this was a simpler way of getting her message across. The only drawback was that Anna’s aunt was inspired by the sign to tell Anna all of the things she had done wrong thus far by not applying for work earlier!

Post Interview Follow Up: A Simple Formula

At the end of an interview, we are often told when we can expect to hear back from an employer. This information is helpful to us as we need a timeframe so that we can call in the event that we do not hear back from the company. Oftentimes, the employer will mention a time sooner than they are ready to give you an answer (it may be delayed for a any number of reasons- the office was closed for a holiday, a key decision maker was out of the office, the company was swamped with work unexpectedly,. etc.)

For example, if the company reports they will have a decision for you in a week, it may take a week and a half until they are ready to decide. I suggest taking the time the employer reports that they will be able to give you an answer and adding three business days:

(Reported time as to when the employer will have an answer) + 3 business days= Good time to follow up.

Example:
(Employer report that you can follow up in one week, on Monday, June 8)+ 3 Business days (Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday) = Good time to follow up is on Friday, June 12.

The post interview time is an especially sensitive one. We would like to remain on the employers mind but not be too aggressive in our follow through.

Apply to a discount retail store for a decent job?!

Current market conditions have necessitated a dynamic approach to the job market. With large companies continuing to shed employees, I have noticed more opportunities available with small to midsize organizations that tend to thrive in down economies. Many times we will look at the news and try to follow the current hot profession in order to find a job (i.e. a news article that shows there is a demand for Medical Assistants but requires two years of training). This can be quite challenging as it may take years to gain the necessary education or it can be difficult to compete with those who have already been in the field. Think of your area of specialty and look towards industries that are thriving (or at least stable).

Here are some examples to get you started:

A) Small technology firms that provide computer troubleshooting support on a consulting basis for companies that in healthier times would have an internal IT staff

B) Discount retail stores that are growing their main headquarters as demand increases for inexpensive/budget conscious clothing and have a need for workers with a knowledge of IT, bookkeeping principles or an understanding of the fundamentals of office support

C) As tour guides in museums, zoos and tour buses are being replaced with recordings, specialized vendors that produce the equipment are growing their infrastructure of sales, accounting and administrative staff.

Notice the trend of companies (or consumers) looking to save on costs and the companies who are stepping in to fill that void. Those companies will continue to do well in this economy and that is where the jobs will be until the market turns around.

Blunt Employer Feedback

Many times a person will interview for a job and then be curious as to why they did not get the job. The inquiry is often met with a generic response, if any at all, that "we decided to hire internally", "we put the job on hold", "we were looking for someone with more experience" and often this is the true story. Other times, the company does not want to tell the candidate exactly why they did not hire them.

Having the chance to interact with many employers, I get the opportunity to hear an employers blunt (with emphasis on the word blunt) feedback on why they did not hire a person.

Recently I referred a few candidates to interview for a entry-level position. When I called this company to find out why they did not hire anyone, the company owner was brutally honest, "Lavie, they were dead, I could have buried them!” Shocking, eh? He did not feel that the candidates had any enthusiasm for the job or confidence that they could learn the position. Having met these people before, I had confidence that they could accomplish both but the opportunity to make that impression was lost. It helped to reinforce to me the importance of being enthusiastic when interviewing (even if naturally you are a bit more introverted) and appearing confident (even though the interview situation can be quite intimidating).

“Who is that?”- A quick note on networking

To maintain a strong network of contacts, it is important to show appreciation when someone goes out of their way to assist you. I recently forwarded the resumes of two individuals in need of finding work to people in their fields that I thought could help them. Each person’s response was curt and consisted of the following, “Who is that?” and “They already have my resume”.

The responses noted above would not necessarily be the best strategy if you want someone to help you in the future. Take the time to write a brief thank you to the person going out of their way for you. It should be clear that you appreciate their help. On the positive side, another person that I helped in a similar capacity wrote a thank you note, and kept me up-to-date on how my facilitating the connection was helpful to him.

“What’s the Salary?”- A quick note

Recently a friend asked me to post an entry-level job opening at his company on several New York area yahoo groups. Similar to many job openings, the salary was not listed. A couple of people that responded only wrote, “what’s the salary?”

While not an unreasonable question, this certainly did not make the best impression with the employer. Those people with the salary response were immediately eliminated from contention for the position and only those with a professional response (well thought out cover letter and up-to-date resume attached) were considered.

Perhaps those who asked about the salary up front had the best qualifications for the position but they were not able to get past step one.

It is most appropriate to discuss salary at the time of the offer.

Know your audience!

A few weeks ago, I was reminded of a cardinal rule: know your audience. When meeting with professionals, it is essential to maintain a professional image and rapport. I had taken this approach with all groups I meet with but recently found I was not getting the response I wanted with one of those groups, college kids! I was a little puzzled at first as my presentation usually draws strong reviews and a long line of job seekers after a presentation.

After the last couple of discussions before the 18-21 year old set, not too many people came over to me. The buzz did not seem to be there. Rather than give up or trudge on with a formula that was not working, I decided to do some market research. I spoke to as many college kids as I could find and reviewed my presentation with them. They mentioned that I sounded very ‘adult’ and should introduce myself by my first name as opposed to “Mr. Margolin”, that I should ditch the tie and speak a little more colloquially. I figured I would give it a try.

The next time I spoke, the response was 180 degrees different. The audience was more engaged in what I was saying and a line formed to speak to me when I had finished.

OK, at this point you may be thinking, nice story, but what does this have to do with me? Remember there may be ‘standard’ rules when interviewing and networking with people who can help you in your job search but remember to know your audience. If you are speaking to a group of 20-something’s in the technology field, you may want to present your skills in a different way than you would “white shoe” lawyers who have worked in the field for 20 years. If you see one approach is not working for you, speak to those in the know. Try a different approach after speaking to professionals who have worked in that industry for many years. If I could change my tried and true formula when necessary, so can you!

“I only want to work in a full time job. Should I bother applying to a part time job?”

Typically it is best to concentrate your job search on those opportunities that would be the best fit for you in terms of the nature of the work, hours, location, etc. That being said, when you connect with those in the position to hire in your field of interest, you never know what may come out of it. You may gain a new contact in your field, find a position that is transitional (you have enough time to search for a job that is full time in your off hours while gaining some additional income and experience) or perhaps the job will turn into a full time position in the near future or the possibility may even open up for a full time job to start.

A former job seeker recently shared this story with me: I applied for a part time job as a Social Worker. I did not know if I would accept a part time position but thought the actual work was right up my alley. They were so impressed with my credentials that they were actually able to create a full time opportunity for me at the organization!

“An employer emailed me last week to come in for an interview. I just checked my email today. What should I do?”

When you add email to your resume, it becomes one of the forms of communication by which an employer may contact you. It is very important to check your email regularly on business days- I would say about twice a day should suffice. I have found that employers using email as the first form of communication is becoming more prevalent as it is the fastest and easiest way to reach someone.

That being said, I would try to contact the employer anyway at this point. If the job has already been filled, you will have the same result as if you did not respond at all. If the job is still open, and you let them know you had been away from a computer for a few days and are still interested in the job, they may ask you to come in and meet with them. Good luck!


“Fans of Lion Cub Job Search blog” is now a group on Facebook.com and Linkedin.com. Feel free to join!

Interview Style: "I've been told I was too aggressive".

In my last interview, the manager said I was "too aggressive", what should I do?

I try to mirror the interviewer. If they are very animated, I try to be animated. If they are more reserved, I try to be more reserved. You want to connect with the person and be able to build a professional rapport.

Similar to every aspect of the job search (and life as well), everyone has an opinion. One may find you too quiet; another may find you to be too talkative. Read the social cues in the situation and follow up accordingly with that person. When you speak, wait for a response. See how they are reacting to what you are saying. You can often tell when a person is losing interest if they are no longer maintaining eye contact with you or begin to shuffle through papers instead of paying attention.

Of course, being "too aggressive" is never a good thing. We all want to be 'heard' in the interview but you have to present your message professionally and calmly in the right context to make the best impression. Just like in sales, it is not only what you say but how and when you say it.

A Computer Support Technician and Secretary in one?!: On Trend spotting and Diversification of Roles

I’ve begun to notice an interesting trend in this economic climate. Employers are beginning to merge typically divergent organizational roles into one. For example, I have seen two job descriptions today alone in which employers are seeking to hire someone who would provide level one helpdesk technical support and serve in an administrative support capacity (“Seeking Computer Support Technician/Secretary”). This speaks of the need to be flexible in your willingness to perform a role where 40% of the duties may not be those that you prefer and the importance of portraying well-roundedness during the interview process. I would expect this trend to continue as employers look for ways to consolidate staff and incorporate what would typically be two or three line staff positions into one, even when those roles seem to be unrelated.

Arriving For Your Interview: Not too late, but not too early!

I just received an email from one of my employers and it reminded me of the importance of showing up at the right time: “Your candidates arrived dressed appropriately, but tell them not to come earlier than 15 minutes before their scheduled appointment”. Of course, most of us know to allow extra time to arrive early for an interview but we often forget the fact that the company may not want us there too early.

Companies have limited waiting space for those arriving for interviews as well as meetings and it can be disruptive if too many people are in the reception area. Allow yourself plenty of extra time to get to an interview but only go into the building about 15-20 minutes early in order to make the best possible impression.

Networking in the most unique of situations

Who would you assume in your network of contacts would be able to help you? Perhaps you would think of former colleagues, classmates and respected business professionals that you are in contact with. A former client recently shared with me a story that reinforced the idea that anyone can help you in your career path.

“Harry” recently went out to a fast food restaurant in Manhattan. While entering the establishment, a beggar asked him for change. Harry was feeling generous and decided to give this man some spare change that he had in his pocket. They struck up a brief conversation and the beggar asked Harry what he did for a living. Harry mentioned that he was a trained Computer Programmer but was having a very difficult time finding work. The beggar said that he knew a man that runs a technology company and would be glad to put in the good word for him. The beggar was true to his word and Harry had an interview just a few days later!

When Harry told me this story, it reminded me of some biblical stories from my youth, whereby the moral of the story was that you cannot judge a book by its cover. Admittedly, this was an extra ordinary case and I would not suggest taking this approach in a literal sense. What I would draw from this story is that one may feel that they are out of resources and do not have the right connections but you never know who you are connected to that may help you. With the right approach, success is sure to follow.

THE 1099 AND THE INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR

From time to time I am asked what the difference is between being a full time employee and an independent contractor and what is the affect in terms of paying my taxes? The good folks at Westwood Tax and Consulting have contributed a special positing to shed some light on this subject.

THE 1099 AND THE INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR:

WHAT IS IT?
The 1099-MISC is an IRS tax form given to those working as independent contractors. For tax purposes, an independent contractor is one who controls how the job is done, sets his or her own hours and supplies his own tools. These tasks are performed outside the entity's management and control.

HOW DOES IT AFFECT YOUR TAXES?
As an independent contractor, you are completely responsible for all taxes paid. There is generally no withholding for Federal, State, City, Social Security and Medicare. Depending on your income level, you are required to make quarterly estimated payments of Federal, State and City tax or else be faced with an underpayment penalty. The IRS requires that you figure the total amount of estimated tax you'll owe in April, divide it by four and send in equal payments on June 15th, September 15th January 15th and April 15th.

EXAMPLE: Joseph Macintosh is a computer consultant working for Apple on a freelance basis. After speaking with the folks at Westwood Tax & Consulting, Joseph was informed that his estimated tax liability will be $12,000 to the IRS and $8000 to NYS. They prepared (4) form 1040-ES forms and (4) IT-2105 MN for him and instructed him to pay $3000 a quarter to the IRS and $2,000 a quarter to NYS.
Additionally, freelancers do not pay payroll taxes through withholding. When you work as an employee, you pay half of social security and Medicare and your employer covers the remaining half. As an independent contractor, you are responsible for the full 15.3 percent tax (known as “self employment tax”). This is levied on your net freelance income, which is your gross income less any expenses. However, the IRS does allow you to deduct half of the self employment tax you’ve paid, which lowers your adjusted gross income.

THE PLUS SIDE: There is a positive aspect to being an independent contractor, though. You can deduct various expenses to reduce your income. As a general rule, the IRS allows you to deduct any expense that is “ordinary or necessary” for the business that you are in. Our friend Joseph Macintosh would be able to write off the cost of his laptop computer but would probably face the wrath of an IRS agent if he decided to write off his brand new Samsung television purchased just recently on Black Friday. As wonderful as a large screen TV is, it would not qualify as an ordinary or necessary business expense in Joseph’s line of work. Some examples of legitimate business expenses for a computer consultant would be travel, an internet connection, telephone and of course, a computer. Meals and entertainment expenses used to entertain a customer or client are potential deductions if you have adequate records to substantiate the expense.

BEWARE: To avoid confusion come tax time, be sure to confirm with your “employer” about whether they consider you a W-2 employee or an independent contractor that will be receiving a 1099 at the end of the year.

FOR MORE INFORMATION: Consult the IRS website at: www.irs.gov or feel free to contact us at www.westwoodtax.com.

Help with your job search "from the inside"

If you are a regular reader of my blog, you already know that one of the key factors I write about is to find a person in a company of interest to be an advocate on your behalf in submitting your resume.

A recent note forwarded to me by an associate in a major financial company helped to reinforce this:

Almost 40% of new hires in the last year were through employee referrals (a person in the company submitting a job seekers resume to the human resources department or hiring manager).

Having a current employee submit your resume is beneficial to the employee for a number of reasons including:

1) They may get a referral bonus worth thousands of dollars if you are hired
2) It makes them look better in the eyes of management by finding quality people for the organization
3) They are now entering the 'circle of reciprocity' with you- if they help you now, they can ask you for help later

So next time you find a company where you are qualified to work and know someone already working there, don't be afraid to ask them to help you.

Can employers open your Microsoft Word 2007 attachment?

Situation: You just bought a new computer with Microsoft Word 2007; spent hours searching for the right job opportunity, made sure your resume and cover letter looked appealing, found a good contact at the company to send the resume to, what could possibly go wrong?

Many companies have not yet upgraded to a “.docx” (Microsoft Office 2007) format and will not be able to open the resume if you just “save” the document. If you are using Microsoft Word 2007, make sure to save as a “Word 97-2003 document” so no matter what version of Microsoft Word the person who is reviewing your resume is using, they will be able to open the attachment.

Thankfully after sending the resumes of qualified job seekers to employers in a .docx format, I was informed that the attachment could not be opened. Because of my relationship with these companies, they took the time to get back to me. In most situations, the resumes screener will just move on to the next candidate without asking you to resend. After you have done all the hard work, make sure to give yourself a good shot at the next steps in the hiring process by sending a resume that can be opened.

What Employers Want: The Interview (and do not forget that Thank You Note!)

I recently received the feedback below from an employer that I work with. I found it to be very helpful in gaining insight into the evaluation process and what truly stands out when someone interviews:

the important ingredients to a good interviewee are:
- Decent presentation (clean clothes, well groomed, etc)
- Bringing a copy of the resume
- Maintain regular eye contact
- Understanding that you do not know it all and are eager and open to learning
- Make sure to send a thank you note! It shows you are serious about the job
- Everything else is just general chemistry and qualifications.

Use the Internet as an Online Directory for Finding Potential Employers

Perhaps you have in mind a certain type of industry you that you would like to work in (i.e. Insurance Brokerage, Computer Repair Consultancy, Customer Service Center) and want to find even more companies that may have potential job openings for you near your home in addition to the job openings you have already found on the net.


You can perform a search though Google for companies by type of company or service as opposed to just looking for job openings.

For example, if you are a Computer Networking Technologies student, you can search, for “Computer Repair” in zip code 11201 by Typing in “Computer Repair” 11201.

You will then be prompted down the results page to “Local business results for "Computer Repair" near Brooklyn, NY 11201”

Click on the link and see hundreds of local listings for companies that may have job opportunities for you. Go to their website to search for job openings, email or send a letter to the hiring manager or call directly to inquire about job vacancies.

Think of the type of companies that would be looking to hire someone with your skills and let your fingers do the walking.

Appropriate formats for emailing a resume/cover letter through the Internet (the basics)

Recently, I have been meeting with some job seekers who are just getting their feet wet in a professional job search. Wanted to review some of the basics for applying through the internet, as I thought it would be helpful for many.


The standard method for applying to a job through the internet, when emailing the designated employer contact, is to place your cover letter in the body of the email and attach your resume in MS Word format.

• Please note: If you have your resume saved in MS Word 2007 format, many companies that have not yet upgraded to that format will be unable to open your resume. Make sure to save as a ‘Word 97-2003’ document.

If they would like you to do otherwise, employers will make a note in the job description (such as “no attachments will be opened. Place resume in the body of the email”).

Additionally some companies will ask you to apply through their website or a major job board. Go through each screen carefully and fill out all required information. Copy and paste or attach your resume and cover letter as instructed.

Questioned on Technical Knowledge You Don't Have

During the interview, we all try to finesse our way to answering the questions asked in the best way possible. We oftentimes guess or attempt to answer a question that we do not really have the correct answer to. With the right bit of poise and speaking ability, you can still make a good impression.

But what if it is a technical question in a field such as computers, science or statistics where the answer can only be right or wrong? You either know the info or you do not. (EX: “How do you begin troubleshooting a computer that is not responsive and only has a blue screen?”)

I have recently received feedback from a few small business owners in the IT field about how they would prefer a person answers a technical question if they do not have the answer:

“Admit that you do not know the answer”: They felt it saves the employer and the job seekers time. Once you admit that you do not know, you can explain how you are going about learning this particular area through self-directed study or in the classroom and that you will have a greater grasp of the concepts within a relatively short period of time.

What do you think of the employer’s suggestion on answering the question? What would you do?

A "Healthy" Job Search Strategy

Typically, walking in to a business and filling out a job application in order to obtain a job applies to industries that require less education/professional experience, such as retail or food services, compared to other fields

In a security conscious, post 9-11 world, companies do not encourage individuals to walk into their place of business unannounced to fill out a job application or hand over a resume. It is often difficult to get beyond the security desk, let alone the secretary to speak to a manager or person of influence at the company.

One area of the job market that has surprisingly good results for unannounced walk-ins is the health and hospitals industry. A friend recently shared with me this story:

She is a Masters level social worker who is interested in transferring her skills to a hospital. She was applying online and through the newspapers but took the initiative to stop by various hospitals to see what may result.

She found her way to the Human Resources department of a major Brooklyn hospital, filled out a job application and handed in her most up to date resume. Lo and behold, she received a call from the manager of an affiliated hospital clinic the next day and was asked to come in for an interview.


Do you have any positive stories like the one above to share with our readers? Please post in our comments section.

I may leave my current employer for a new job. I want to be fair to my current boss. Should I give them early warning?

It is important to make sure your current employment remains secure until you receive an offer, accept the offer and receive a start date for your new job.

I understand you wanting to be fair to your current employer. I even commend you for it. You will be fair to them by giving proper notice when the time is right but it should not be at the expense of your current job. Wait until everything is all set with a new company (especially the start date) and then give proper notice (between two weeks and a month). You never know what could happen between now and then- you never receive an offer, the offer is not what you expected, the position falls through, you decide to stay where you are- so do not put yourself in an awkward (and potentially job threatening) position until the right time.

Well run companies are set up to deal with many potential eventualities- including employees leaving for better opportunities. They will understand you are moving on to a better job for you and appreciate being given enough time to hire a replacement.

Look Before You Leap (Weighing an offer to switch jobs)

Situation: You are currently working and fairly happy. You have been dutifully keeping a pulse on the job market and interviewing regularly. Your current job is solid but there does not seem to be much room for you to grow in the organization. An offer of upward mobility outside your company has been tendered to you.

Remember, while the grass may often seem greener on the other side to seriously consider all aspects and challenges of a new position (along with your current position). A new job, even one that is right choice for you, will often be stressful at first. You will have to learn the new processes related to the organization, get to know and learn how to effectively work with your new co-workers and often have to prove yourself all over again.

A higher salary, more responsibilities and an increased profile within your industry may seem like a next great step for you. It often is. Do you feel you can meet the new challenges and aims related to the new position? Speak to respected colleagues and associates, whom you can trust, inside and outside your industry when carefully weighing the final offer.

Sometimes we take risks and they don’t always work out but oftentimes they do. Taking a risk for upward mobility is often the right step for many in their career but that is for you to decide. No matter what, everything is a learning experience and if you choose to take the risk, you may be better for it.

Following up with Universities/Academic Institutions

Alexandra asks following:

Hi, I have found your website very helpful with my job search. I did have a question for you:

I sent my resume and cover letter by mail for a position at a University. A week after I sent my information I called the contact person and left her a message expressing my enthusiasm to be considered for the position and inquiring if she had received my information. It is now about three weeks later and I have not heard back from her. Should I call again? And do you think I could have handled the situation better?

Thanks for your help, and I love you site :)

Hi Alexandra. Thank you for your question and comments.

Universities tend to be unique in that hiring takes on more of a formalized nature. On many University/Academia level job descriptions, they will post a date when you must submit your resume by (example: Deadline for application is August 27, 2008).

Once the University has received the applications, the resumes will be reviewed after the deadline date. The most appropriate candidates are contacted after that time. I have seen examples where an academic institution was interested in a job seeker but did not call for nearly two months after the resume had been submitted. This is applicable not only to teaching based positions but also office staff and support roles.

When following up with any organization, I suggest not leaving more that one phone message. Just try to reach someone on the phone later. If I left a message, a person would probably not prioritize the call to get back to me in a timely manner but if I catch the person on the phone, I am more likely to get clarity into the process.

I saw on the internet two jobs listed at the same company. Should I apply to both?

If it is two similar jobs at the same company that have separate contacts to submit your resume for each, I would suggest applying to both. Since each manager is making a separate evaluation of your resume, you never know if neither will call you, one will call you or you will have an interview for both jobs!

If the jobs are disparate, then choose the job that you feel is the best fit/most interesting to you and send a tailored resume/cover letter specifically for that position.

If you applied for one job and never got a response and then see a different job several weeks later at the same company, feel free to apply for the second job. That is how I got my first full time job!

Remember the systems of evaluation at most employers are not perfect and there are several ways to find success.

Through networking, I emailed my resume to a contact in the company. He said it is now in the hands of Human Resources. What do I do from here?

As a general rule, I try and get as much clarity as possible as to the next steps in the process while balancing the fine line with my contact of not pushing too much.

Perhaps in subsequent follow up with your contact (about one to two weeks if you have not heard from anyone additional in the company), you can write something to the effect: "Thanks so much. Wondering when a good time to follow up with HR would be and if there is a person you suggest I speak with?"

You want to make sure that your resume keeps moving in the system to the right people and does not get stuck.

If a job has been posted on the internet for more than a week, is it worth applying?

Yes! As long as a job listing is still posted and you are qualified for the job, I think it is worth applying. If an employer gets inundated with emails the first couple days but does not find what they want in the small number of resumes they actually open, a resume emailed later might have an even better chance of being seen and given strong consideration!

Panel/Group Interviewing Tips

Situation: You are asked to interview for a job in your field. When you arrive for the interview, you are surprised to see four company employees sitting across the table from you. A situation where you are interviewed by two or more people at once is called a panel or group interview.

I think group interviews are a good thing for job seekers. Why? Normally you are evaluated one step at a time and if that person feels you are a good fit for the job, they will send you to be interviewed by the next person at a later date in the future. Here you have the chance to meet all (or most) of the decision makers at once and allow a group decision to take place instead of being eliminated by one person’s evaluation.

Have you ever been in an interview and thought to yourself: "how could they ask that" or "that question had no relevancy"? A group interview would (hopefully!) reign in questions that are well off topic. An interviewer is more careful in weighing the questions asked when his/her peers are around.

Many times interviewers will want to ask questions at once. Allow them a brief moment to sort it out amongst themselves before answering the question. Give your main eye contact to the person that asked that specific question but try to maintain brief eye contact with everyone to keep them engaged in what you are saying.

Determine who the major players are. Gain an understating for each persons role in the organization and answer their questions accordingly. The Executive Director would want your answer to relate to an overall approach to your work while a future co-worker would like to gain additional insight into how you relate to others on a day to day basis.

Remember to take a business card from each person. Write each a brief thank you note via email. Try to tailor your thank you note to emphasize points that would resonate with that person and their role in the organization. Inquire as to who would be the point person to follow up with for the next steps.

Dressing right for the interview

Wearing the right clothes to the interview is an essential step to making the right impression. I have asked Ilana Greenberg of Haute and Chic, a personal style consultant, to share her expertise with our readers:

Ah, the interview.

I'm a firm believer in the notion of a look for every occasion, and this is one occasion that merits careful wardrobe attention. The most important consideration when dressing in anticipation of success is to reflect the attitude of your industry while staying true to your own unique personal style. There is a mighty difference between the power threads donned by magazine editors and traders on the floor of the NYSE.

I accompanied a friend who is an executive at Goldman Sachs on a mission to update her look, and pulled a sedate yet sophisticated earthy tone tweed Theory pantsuit off the rack. It fit flawlessly. Theory happens to have among the most well-cut and figure flattering attire for professional women (and men!), and it's suitable for work or play with the right amount of clever coordination.

Stay polished from head to toe. You always want to be taken seriously, particularly in traditionally male-dominated fields like finance and law. In these more conservative environments, women should be conscious of necklines, hemlines and slits. If your corporate culture invites a bit of creativity, wear a cami under that wrap dress, or throw on a chic blazer.

To get the most mileage out of your clothing, you need to transition well from the boardroom to networking cocktails or dinner with friends. Don't be afraid of a splash of color under a dark suit. Accessories - chandelier earrings, bangles, a neclace that makes a statement - can easily be stashed in your workbag for after-hours.

To read the rest of Ilana's article, go to http://hauteandchic.blogspot.com/

Ilana is available for professional fashion consultations prior to a job interview. You can find all of her contact info on her blog.

Some notes about Thank You Notes

People go on interviews all the time, even if they are not serious about finding a new job. A person may be working and want to see what else is out there or they may have applied for many different jobs just to see who responds.

How does the employer know that you are serious about their job? When you send a thank you note after the interview.

At the end of the interview, ask for the card of each person that you met with.

Take the time to write a well thought out note to each individual. Emphasize the points that you discussed in the interview and reiterate what you feel would help you to stand out from the crowd. A note of about 4-5 lines should be sufficient.

I would suggest sending thank you notes via email. This way, it will be received immediately and the interviewer can respond to you, if they so choose. I have written thank you notes and the person immediately wrote back to set up the next stages of the interview process.

Searching for a job in the US with foreign experience

Situation: You worked in your native country as an engineer, scientist or in another similar professional position. You are now living in the United States and fully authorized to work. It has been awhile between jobs due to a number of factors: political unrest in your country, resettlement, time waiting for work authorization, etc.

You will face certain unique challenges while trying to obtain employment in the US job market:

Your Degree: Although your degree might be one of prestige in your native country, it will probably be fairly unknown to employers in the US. Many countries have different standards for degree accreditation. You should have proof of what your degree equivalency is in the US. Either of these two sites will evaluate your degree: Globelanguage.com or Wes.org.

Gaps in employment and non US work experience: Employers will question why you have not worked in a couple of years and will scrutinize the validity of your international work experience. They take a very quick glance at your resume and with no US experience, they may decide you do not have work authorization and will fail to inquire further.

I would consider taking 2-3 steps back in terms of your short term career goals in order to take several steps forward in the future.

Consider taking something (anything!) relevant to your field of study. You will begin to build a work history in the US and learn American office etiquette and procedures. Additionally you will build contacts and references for the future.

After you have gained a good amount of work experience (between 6 months- 2 years), you can look to leverage your US and international experience towards a more appropriate position in your field of interest.

Long Term Career Planning

Situation: You are in the early stages of your career (you graduated from college 10 or less years ago). You like your job and the industry but would like to advance your career. You are unsure of how to get promoted or get a better job in the industry.

Begin creating a long term plan for yourself. Within your industry, what are your long term goals? What would you like to achieve over the next 5, 10 or 15 years?

Research your field and look at job descriptions of senior level positions as well as the bio’s of successful executives. Speak to respected colleagues. What information are you finding? What is listed in those senior level job descriptions that you do not yet have? What clues can you garner from executive bios? Did they stay at one company for 20+ years or did they leverage their experience and move to other companies as opportunities presented themselves? What are potential pratfalls you can learn to avoid?

Perhaps:

There is a master’s degree you can complete in the evenings and on weekends that will help your advancement?
Specialized computer and/or language skills you can gain?
Requesting and taking on additional responsibilities in another area of the business at work?
Publishing scholarly articles in your industry’s trade publication’s and journals?
You can organize and attend more industry networking events to up your profile in the industry?
You can volunteer in your free time and gain additional relevant skills you can leverage at a later date?

Knowledge is power. Do the research now to map your road to success.

Potential Opportunity but No Guarantee

Recently job seekers have been sharing with me the experience of being offered part time or internship (paid and non paid) opportunities with the potential for full time employment sometime down the road.

I think the keyword here is ‘potential’. If you accept an opportunity like this and would like to find full time employment, keep up the aggressive job search when you are not working. If your employer did not agree to hire you full time right away, there is no guarantee that they will in the future. I would not necessarily recommend ignoring an opportunity to work part time or intern; just keep in perspective what the actual offer is for. It could be a good chance to get an in at a company, make some additional contacts and build up your resume.

A great example of “creating your own network”

One of my clients shared with me a great networking story. I would like to share it with you:

“Jane” is interested in breaking into a high profile industry. She regularly checks the industry trade publications for news (as opposed to only looking for job openings). She noticed an article on an expanding company, where she thought her skills would be of good use.

The article listed the name of the company owner, “Ms. Zane”. Jane began to do her research. She checked the company website, went to LinkedIn.com and googled for more information on Ms. Zane. She learned that Ms. Zane was an alumnus of a prestigious school, “Hudson University”. Jane made a list of her friends who went to Hudson U.

As “luck” would have it (although this story is about much more than luck), one of Jane’s friends was able to introduce her to the company owner. She provided Jane with the person’s email address. Ms. Zane called her last week and a connection was made.

It is still a bit early to determine if this contact will lead to the right job but with Jane’s effective job search strategy, the right job is just around the corner!

"I saw a job posting but I know I am not available to work all the hours. Should I apply anyway?"

It would depend upon the type of job and the amount of flexibility you would need in terms of hours.

A company is more likely to be accommodating if the job requires skills that are hard to find in candidates. For example, they would be more apt to listen to flexibility requirements for a position that requires knowledge of cutting edge technology as opposed to a non professional level position.

That being said, I would only suggest applying for a job if you need minor flexibility on the hours. For example, if the job is listed as 9-5pm Monday to Friday and you have an unbreakable commitment two mornings a week and can not come in until 9:15 on those days, this may be something to discuss.

Do not bring it up until the final stages of the interview. Once a company has determined you are the best candidate and are ready to make you an offer, they are more apt to listen to your needs.

For schedule requirements related to religious observance, see my archived posts.

"I search for jobs from the early morning to the evening from home. Sometimes I feel stressed out. Do you have any suggestions to feel better?"

Many job seekers treat their job search as a full time job. They wake up in the morning, check email, search for jobs listings, make follow up calls and write cover letters between the hours of 9-5.

I think this determination is completely necessary for finding the next opportunity but I feel that it is important not to forgot to do things for yourself in order to relieve stress and anxiety during a potentially difficulty time:

1. Take a morning walk to get some fresh air and reset your circadian rhythm: we forget that part of our daily work routine was the commute to work- the stroll to the subway or bus and the time it took to walk to the job. These brief moments in the sun are extremely helpful for charging your batteries for the rest of the day.

2. Do some work outside your apartment: when you are getting anxious after staring at job listings on the computer screen for a few hours, change your environment and take it to the streets. If you have a lap top, work on your cover letter or resume revisions at Starbucks or the local bookstore chain.

3. Take some time to relax and enjoy your pastimes- When one does not have a consistent income, they often have to cut back on doing things that they enjoy, whether this be going to restaurants, movies or baseball games. Take a realistic approach to your financial needs. If you can afford to do so, I would suggest making sure to continue to do one to two things a week that are not necessities but that you really enjoy.

Making sure to take care of yourself and your needs will help you in your job search. You will be more relaxed when interviewing and meeting new contacts and success will be sure to follow.

“I gotta get mine!”: A Networking Story

If you are a regular reader of my site, you know I often stress the importance of building your network and maintaining your contacts.

I wanted to share with you a networking story:

A few years ago, I was entertaining the possibility of making a switch to corporate recruiting. I noticed a job opening with a major sports/entertainment company in New York and contacted a friend that was working there. He himself was somewhat unsettled in the job and was looking to make a switch of his own. When asked if he could submit my resume or give some advice on applying, he said something to the effect of “No, I gotta get mine first!”

This would be a textbook example of how not to respond if you are looking to maintain good relationships and contacts. Would I go out of my way to help this person in the future? Hmmm, I probably would but he certainly did not help his chances!

Indeed.com + Linkedin.com for an efficient job search

1) Indeed.com: This is a search engine for the job search. You can type on "What" (Job Title, Company name, specific keyword ex: eating disorder") and "where" (location)

It will search the internet from those keywords and give you back listings on company websites, job boards, online newspapers, etc.

There is no registration required to sign up. If you would like to save time later and set up search results to be sent to your inbox, you can sign up using the: Create a my.indeed account section.

2) Linkedin.com: This is a great site for determining who you know (or who they know) that works in the places you would like to work. I have added anyone that I feel comfortable professionally linking to (which is 250+) people. By having someone vouch for you, it will give you a much stronger chance of getting a call back.

I'll give you an example.

Let's say I wanted to work at Smith Medical Center. I would search "Smith Medical Center" under people and see who came up:

I would get X results including some people who worked there that I knew and some people that are friends of people I know. I could then inquire if they know people in the XYZ dept. and if they can forward my resume or ask the manager on my behalf.

Tying it Together: By combining one and two, you can have real success. Find out what job openings are available using Indeed.com as your first stop (can apply through whatever means they ask for) and then see who you know that may vouch on your behalf and alert the manager that you are interested in this position.

Some job listings say, ‘No Calls!’ What should I do in order to follow up in that situation?

In most cases, I am a proponent of waiting two weeks after you sent your resume to make a follow up call. I do not think an immediate call inquiring if the company received your resume is the best course of action: most likely they did receive it and have not yet had the time to review it. An impression you can make by calling right away is one of being overly aggressive.

When you wait two weeks and have not yet received a call, you have given the company ample time to review your information and to contact you. I feel that you have nothing to lose by calling within this time frame even if they have asked for no calls. They only write this so as not to be inundated with calls from people who are not qualified.

If you are qualified and can make that clear on the phone to the hiring manager or HR Recruiter, than they will not want to get off the phone so fast. Do your research. Determine who the person evaluating candidates is so that you may ask confidently for this person when you call. Do not be screened out by the secretary/receptionist.

Begin the conversation not with “I sent in my resume...”, as this is a big turnoff to someone on the other end of the phone but with “I am an experienced (_____) with the ability to do (_____), I noticed you had a job posting for (_____), I am wondering if you have had a chance to review my resume? No, may I have your email address to resend it to you? When would be a good time to follow up with you? OK, looking forward to speaking with you on (insert day for follow up here).

Please share any related stories or experiences in the comments section

I have been working for 20+ years, how far back should I list my jobs?

The typical rule of thumb is 10-15 years for two reasons. One is that work you did more than 15 years ago is not as relevant as the work you have done recently and two; you do not want to reveal your age to employers as there often is underlying age discrimination by employers during the hiring process.

An exception to the above would be if something in your experience many years ago helps your candidacy strongly for that specific job you are applying for, then make sure it is included in the resume.

Large Gaps in Employment

When I am evaluating job seekers for appropriateness for a job opening, I like to take a strengths based approach. Look at the job seekers qualifications and strengths first as opposed to any potential question marks or ‘negatives’.

Many employers take the opposite approach. They will look first at the question marks and try to find reasons not to call someone in for an interview. This is the framework from which we have to work, for better or worse, and I would like to discuss strategy for overcoming the largest ‘question mark’ employers hang there hat on: A large (or perceived) large timeframe between your last job and the present time.

The resume is a marketing piece and not a work history. Only put accurate information on the resume but frame it in a way that is most appealing to the employer. For example, if your job ended February 2007, just list 2007 as the end date.

If you are working in a position temporarily but have not put it on your resume, consider adding it and frame it as much as possible in a way that adds value to your vocational aims. (For further clarification on this point, see yesterday’s post on Transitional Employment).

Add in any additional training/education/volunteer work and/or internships you have done, to show you have used your time wisely.

Many job seekers will fill in gaps with ‘consulting work’. Make sure to clearly demonstrate what type of work you did, what type of companies/individuals you did it for and what the accomplishments were.

Transitional Employment

Many job seekers are faced with a difficult market in their field of interest and have had to begin looking for other options in order to pay the bills. For example, a person with a college degree (or even post graduate education), may work in a retail environment or in an office job that does not take full advantage of their education and skills.

Key your eyes on the prize: If you remain interested in returning to your profession when the opportunity arises, you have to stay on top of the market and be poised to seize it. Before and after your workday, send out resumes in the evenings and use vacation time, off days and personal hours to keep interviewing. Try to find a transitional job where the hours and work will leave you with enough time and energy to look for the ideal position.

Gain additional skills: If 5% of the work in your transitional job is applicable to your field of interest, emphasize that area on your resume when explaining the work you are currently doing.

Sometimes we are so focused on what we want to do in the future or getting back to what we have done in the past, we can miss an opportunity in front of us. By working hard and making the right impression, you never know who you will meet that works in your company or what customers may be able to help you further down the road.

I have a friend that was working in a retail store but interested in returning to the world of advertising sales. He was very professional while in the store and paid attention to the needs of customers. A couple of months into it, a regular customer asked him about his background. The customer happened to work in this industry and sent his resume to a company executive. The person was hired shortly after and worked there for many years.

Please share any stories you may have with our readers of taking transitional employment.

The Resume: Education on the top or bottom? and Why

If you recently graduated from school (within the last 1 to 1.5 years), then your education will be at the top of your resume as your education is probably your most ‘saleable’ skill.

If you graduated earlier than this, put your work experience to the forefront. At a certain point, the prestige of the college is not the deciding factor for employers; it is what you have accomplished after graduating.

The only exception to the points above is if you work (or would like to work) in academia. The resume (or more appropriately, Curriculum Vitae) would place an emphasis on your educational credentials and your training/schooling would be at the top.

Remember: The resume is a marketing piece for your potential employer. You are always trying to capture their interest in all forms of communication. Think of what would be most effective in demonstrating your ability to perform on the job and put that to the forefront of your resume.

What Corporations Want

In yesterday’s Wall Street Journal, Jeffrey Kindler, CEO of Pfizer, gave insight into what he is looking for in a leader. I think what he looks for is similar to what many Fortune 500 companies look for when hiring as well. I would like to break down his keywords and add insight into how we can use this information when searching for a job:

The best talent from inside the company and industry: As I often say, you have to be in it, to win it. Set a long term plan for yourself for achieving objectives. Take a job at a company within your industry of interest and look to move up as your career progresses. It is easier to transition from one company to another within the same industry then to change industries completely. Companies look within their industry 1st when hiring new employees.

Excellence: People who not only have done a job for a long time, but can demonstrate success in the position and have a stellar reputation. Success should be demonstrated both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Energy and Enthusiasm for the Mission: Bringing a positive attitude and a tireless work rate to all that you do. A dedication to the goals of the organization.

Keep these ideas in mind as you are networking with those in corporations that are of interest to you, applying for job opportunities and interviewing.

Reminder: If you are in the New York area and looking for job search advisement, feel free to contact me via phone (914.525.0965) or email (Laviemarg@yahoo.com) for per session rates and details.

Interviewing Quiz

Quintcareers.com has many helpful quizzes related to the job search on their site. I have used them as a discussion point in job clubs and job seekers have always found it to be a helpful resource.

Copy and paste this link into your browser to review their interview quiz:

http://www.quintcareers.com/job_interviewing_quiz.html

What would you answer for #8?

Growth in the Financial Sector

Every day brings us news of layoffs and disappointing earnings in the financial sector. It can be hard to find areas of growth and job opportunities in this industry.

Here is a bright spot:

According to estimates, the demand for Financial Analysts and Personal Financial Advisors is expected to grow 37% in the next decade.

Source:

http://jobs.aol.com/article/onlinecampus/_a/part-time-work-with-benefits/20080313121709990001?ncid=AOLCOMMjobsDYNLprim0002&icid=100214839x1200493791x1200020862

When asking contacts to connect me with an executive, should I say it is to “inquire about a job” or to “connect with professionals in my field”?

I think the key is approaching each situation after evaluating the players and then determining the best course of action.

Different 'sales' techniques work on different people and can not be right 100% of the time. The best chance of success is applying the right approach and message for that particular situation.

I usually suggest the soft approach in that you do not ask for a job but let your professional skills and qualifications shine through. In that way, your contact does not feel they have to evaluate your appropriateness for a particular job opening, they just need to connect you with a ‘difference maker’ in your industry. At that point, you will have the ability to ‘sell’ yourself.

Follow That Lead!

OK, so you interviewed for a job with a government funded program and have not heard back in a couple weeks. What should you do (besides follow up effectively)? Find out what other organizations are getting funded for similar programs in your area and follow those leads!

Here is an example. A city or state agency provides funding for homes for those with developmental disabilities. You are a Residence Manager. You saw an ad in the newspaper and applied for a job at that organization. If they have a job opening that you are qualified for, all similar organizations will have to employ someone in that role as well. Now, that does not necessarily mean that they will all have openings but some will. Once you make contact with an organization, you never know when it will pay off. Perhaps they will have an opening coming up shortly or in the future, may have a more senior role for you in the next step of your career.

The reason I use government funded programs is the information is usually publicly available. Through a little bit of searching on Google, you can determine who received the contracts in your area of interest.

Remember: this concept is applicable in every profession and industry. If you find one lead, determine who the industry competitors and partners are and search those organizations for available jobs as well.

Reminder: If you are in the New York area and looking for job search advisement, feel free to contact me via phone (914.525.0965) or email (Laviemarg@yahoo.com) for per session rates and details.

Dream Jobs

Many of us have dreamed of working in a high profile industry: Sports, Publishing, Television or the Movies. The work may sound exciting, almost like it is not work at all!

Many do gain significant satisfaction by working in an industry that is glamorous and exciting. But remember, it is still a job and sometimes not all that it is cracked up to be. For a glaring example, see the book/movie, The Devil Wears Prada.

If you do want to make a change and break into one of these (or other) high profile industries, here are some tips:

Understand the industry: Every industry has its own business trade journals, magazine, websites and blogs (Example: http://joefavorito.com/). These will give you an understanding of the inner workings of the business. You will also be able to stay on top of big news that will help guide you to where the jobs are. Follow the money trail: what companies were very successful, who might be looking to expand and hire and what skills are desired.

Talk the talk: To be able to work in an industry, you must be able to understand the language and communicate in industry terms. Your resume should reflect the work that you have done in the way that they would write it in that industry. When you interview, you have to interview in their language.

Meet the players: Using LinkedIn.com, see who you are already connected to that knows someone in your industry of interest. Request the person to facilitate a meeting between the two of you. Go in with clear objectives and be able to explain what you can bring to the industry.

Go to industry conventions and gatherings as opposed to job fairs. Conventions are packed with workers in the industry big and small. Try to meet as many people as possible to make connections (http://lioncubjobsearch.blogspot.com/2008/03/building-your-network.html)

Make an impression as a professional, not a fan: Those in a position to hire want employees that can help them make money, not those that just love watching their television show. An appreciation for the product is a plus but it is your skills that will get you the job.

Good luck and please share any stories with our readers in the comments section.

Reminder: If you are in the New York area and looking for job search advisement, feel free to contact me via phone (914.525.0965) or email (Laviemarg@yahoo.com) for per session rates and details.

Maintaining your contacts

OK- So you have been able to meet some people of influence and they have been assisting you: giving you contact names, sending you job listings, sharing tips, etc. Remember to thank these people and stay in touch regularly in order to maintain a strong connection.

I see it all the time myself. I may send someone a contact name and then never hear back from them unless I follow up with the person. I am less likely to keep this person in mind as opposed to someone who sends a thank you note, stays in contact with me regularly and keeps me updated on how things are going.

Help the person to want to go the extra mile for you. Keep your contacts in mind if you see anything that might be helpful for them.

May sound funny but it is no joke

With the weather getting warmer in New York, we tend to sweat more. This is true especially when you are wearing a suit for an interview. One of the most obvious, and often overlooked, ways to make an impression on someone is proper hygiene. The importance of showering before an interview should go unsaid. Remember to go easy on heavily scented perfumes and wear mildly scented deodorant.

If you are a smoker, try to avoid it before your interview. The smell stays on your clothes and can be unpleasant for the interviewer.

Monday Morning: A Fresh Start

Mondays are a great time to rededicate yourself to the job search. Determine a schedule that allows you to concentrate on finding a job, approximately 40-50 hours a week (the time of a typical work week + plus the commute). This does not mean only sitting at your computer but would include: finding job listings online and offline, following up with contacts, going to interviews and workshops.

If you are a longtime reader of my posts, you know that I always say “you gotta be in it, to win it”. While searching for a job, you may be asked by family to assist with more tasks around the house, such as babysitting, grocery shopping, etc. This is ok and even expected but remember to leave yourself a significant amount of time for finding the next great opportunity in your career.

Posts in the comments section are always encouraged.

Weekend Anxiety and Networking Possibilities

Many people have expressed to me that they feel a twang of anxiety when the weekend is around the corner. Why? They know that they will be going to many social functions with their spouse, family or friends and will be asked by new people or old acquaintances they meet, “So, what do you do?”

Just because a person is between jobs as an Accountant (insert a profession here), it does not mean they are no longer an Accountant. Answer the question with confidence and you never know where it will lead.

Q: “So what do you do?!”

A: “I am an Accountant who has specialized in the manufacturing industry”.

Q: “Oh, so where do you work?”

A: “I am in between jobs right now, if you hear of anything”.

Potential outcomes:

They have nothing helpful to say or do on your behalf- but no harm in trying, right?

They will keep you in mind if they hear of anything

They know of a job and can help connect you

Reminder: If you are in the New York area and looking for job search advisement, feel free to contact me via phone (914.525.0965) or email (Laviemarg@yahoo.com) for per session rates and details.

I did not get the job but the manager seemed sincere in asking me to stay in touch if anything else becomes available. What should I do from here?

First of all, stay on top of the companies’ job listings through their website and Indeed.com. If a job is listed that is a strong fit for you (possibly an even stronger fit than the one you had previously applied for), email the manager with an updated resume and reference the opportunity.

Additionally, since the best way to network is through a Circle of Reciprocity (see earlier posts), keep this person in mind if you see something that would be helpful to them. An example would be emailing an article that you think would be of interest to them or giving them the name of a potential business lead.

After you have solidified a professional rapport, invite the person to connect through LinkedIn.com. A person’s career takes many winding roads and you never know where they will end up. By having them as a contact, you never know if they will be able to help you in their current situation or in the future.

The company is checking my references now. I expect to receive an offer soon. How do I negotiate?

In earlier posts, I wrote about the importance of not revealing how much you are looking for until the company makes you an offer. Now that the company has vetted through hundreds of candidates and decided you are who they want, you are in the best position to negotiate.

When the company calls you with the offer, listen to ALL the details. This would include not only the salary but the health coverage, 401K, vacation days, etc. Let the employer know about your strong interest in the position and ask them when they would like an answer.

In the interim, research the salary range that is given for this position through speaking to people in the industry as well as internet salary websites.

If a company offers $60,000 and the salary range for the position is normally $60,000-$68,000, perhaps inquire if they can come up a bit on the offer to $70,000. I would expect that they would meet you somewhere in the middle.

Sometimes a company is not as negotiable on salary but is willing to be flexible on the fringe benefits.

Remember: There is always a risk when you negotiate. By not accepting the offer right away, it leaves it open for other candidates to come into the picture. It is always important to balance risk for the greatest reward.

Should I go to job fairs?

A job/career fair that focuses on your area of expertise and has hiring managers attending, could be very helpful. For example, if you are a teacher searching for a job in the private sector and there is an education job fair coming up, where the Principals would attend, I would suggest going.

If it is a fair with many large companies listed in a variety of fields (but mainly insurance, sales and retail), and those fields are not of interest to you, you might want to skip it.

Remember, exhibitors will be meeting hundreds of people in one day, and possibly thousands over the course of several days. Inquire when a good time would be to follow up with the employer, take a business card and email a thank you note, highlighting the points you discussed.

Second Chances

I would like to share a story with you. A few years ago, I worked with a job seeker who made a serious error in judgment. He had worked successfully in the financial markets until trying to manipulate the market using illegal tactics. As a result, he was banned permanently from his profession and was in need of help to support his family.

I felt he was genuine in his remorse and I did all I could to assist him. I examined his transferrable skills. He was very talented in analyzing data and statistical analysis. We looked towards the healthcare industry, as the ability to analyze vast amounts of data is wanted. Tailoring his resume specifically to emphasize the relevant aspects about his knowledge, he was able to secure an interview. Being upfront about what he did wrong along with showing he would be an excellent fit for the position, he got the job. It was a significant cut in pay than he had made on Wall Street but it was an opportunity.

For the next couple of years, I would get intermittent calls from the Human Resources professional at that company thanking me for sending them this person.

We all make mistakes. Some big, some small but it is how you learn from them. If you made a glaring mistake that is hurting your ability to get a job, be upfront about it and look towards taking your transferrable skills to the next opportunity. Sometimes it may seem like a step back but in the end, you will end up ahead.

I have been told not to list my computer skills on my resume but just to write “Computer Literate”, is this a good idea?

I always suggest clearly listing all of your computer skills. It is not a good idea to assume the employer will know which computer programs that you are knowledgeable in by just listing “computer literate”. Additionally, some initial resume screening is done by computer. If the HR recruiter screening program is searching for the Keyword “Excel” and you do not have it listed, you may not be called in for an interview.

Should my Grade Point Average (GPA) be on my resume?

A person's GPA would normally only be listed on the resume if they recently graduated from college. If the GPA is below a 3.0, it is usually best to leave it off.

In certain circumstances, a GPA would remain on longer. For example, some job listings require a certain GPA minimum. I have noticed this with many Pharmaceutical Sales Representative positions.

Feel free to keep on any special academic status or awards you may have achieved such as Magna Cum Laude.

Importance of the company, not just the position

In speaking with a seasoned IT professional this morning, he reinforced some very important advice:

When choosing the next step in your career, you should consider not only the job position and salary but also the organization/company for which you may work.

First and foremost is the health of the company. You can Google a company and read recent articles about the organization. Are they financially healthy? Does it look like they are a stable company?

Is the organization the type of place you would want to work? Is their value system in line with yours?

Will they respect your religious beliefs?

Is the management style one that is a fit for you? Is the culture to work 60-80 hours a week or work 9-5 with only occasional overtime?

It can be challenging to get the complete information before you start a job. Research as much as possible. Speak to people that work there or may have once worked there. Read what is available online. Pay attention when you go on interviews to the way co-workers interact.

All will be telling signs to help you learn what will be the right situation for you. Depending on the person, the same job in the same company can be an excellent fit for one person but a terrible fit for another. Taking a new job is always a risk but try to manage the risk through information gathering.

Feel free to post a comment on what are the essentials for you when choosing a company to work for.

Capitalizing on an Informational Interview

An informational interview is an opportunity to meet with a professional in your field of interest to learn more about their job, industry and garner any advice they may have for you.

Remember, this can be an excellent chance to talk with a person in a position to help you in your job search.

Here is a true story:

A few years ago, Elchanan was interested in breaking into the media field. An associate had a contact in the HR department at a major company. Before the session, Elchanan went to the company website and looked into what job opportunities were available. Elchanan geared his resume to emphasize the points they felt would be most appropriate regarding this position. During the interview, he answered every question to emphasize the background and skills needed for the position of interest.

At NO point did he say that he had seen a job opening and would like to apply. After all, this is an informational interview! The interviewer mentioned that they sounded like a great fit for a job that they had open and they would forward their resume, with the job seekers interest, to the appropriate manager. Needless to say, the job seeker was very interested and got a call back the next week.

Help finding a job through Yahoo Group Emails

There are several yahoo groups that provide job listings that you may not see in other locations. In addition to job listings, advice and referrals are often passed between members.

Here are some examples:

Da! Network- for immigrants from the former Soviet Union

LinkedinMilitaryVeteransEmployment- for military vets

Religious group affiliations- not specifically job related but will often include job listings. Examples include NYC Shuls and Teaneck Shuls

To sign up for groups, register for a yahoo account and then search the group section. Some will allow you in right away others will ask you to answer a few questions and then evaluate your membership.

Feel free to post in the comments section job related groups, on yahoo or otherwise, that you know about.

Power of Positive Thinking

My grandmother always used to say “you think good, you get good”. Now while this not always true, I certainly think it rings true much of the time. Having a positive approach to your professional career and job search will go along way. Can the job search be one of the most stressful things you will experience professionally? Certainly, but you have to stay as positive as possible. If you come across negative in the interview or when meeting others that can help you, it will only make things more challenging. Do your best to project an image of positivity and people will be drawn to that. Fairly or unfairly, people do not respond well to ‘negative nellies’. This is true in any type of situation: interviewing, networking or even dating. Focus as much as possible on the positives: your history of accomplishment, your knowledge gained and the people you have helped along the way. Remember: it only takes one good breakthrough and success can be just around the corner!

How do I answer the question: "Why do you want to leave your current job?"

Start with the positives of the current job. Explain what you have learned and what you have accomplished. Explain that you are happy but there is limited opportunity for continued growth at the company and you would like to be somewhere you can continue to contribute in a significant way. Explain what is so appealing about the company you are applying to in terms of the work and corporate culture.

Importance of Interview Preparation

A basketball team will practice several times before actually playing a game. A Masters level chess player will keep his mind sharp by reviewing strategy before a big match. An actor will go to several rehearsals before opening night. Preparing for a job interview should be no different.

Once an interview is scheduled, a person should begin the preparation stages of the interview: reviewing the company website, reading recent articles that were written regarding the industry and practicing actual interview situations. It is important to review all types of questions that may come up in an interview. If you are stumped when practicing, you will have time to think about it and write down examples that you can bring up in your actual interview. You have worked so hard to get your foot in the door for the interview, take advantage of the opportunity.

I prepare my clients in New York in a real time situation. I take on the role of the interviewer and ask several pointed, relevant questions. We do not break until the practice session is over and then, together, we review the answers and come to a conclusion of what may work best.

If you can not meet with a job search advisor to practice, ask a friend or family member to assist you.

Here is an extensive list of 109 potential questions you may be asked:

http://www.quintcareers.com/interview_question_database/interview_questions_database.html

Some job listings ask for a writing sample along with my resume and cover letter. What should I use?

If the job opening is not geared specifically for a professional writer (Editors/Grant Writers/Columnists, etc.), submit a one-page piece that demonstrates your writing ability. The company is trying to determine if your written English language skills are ‘passable’ in order to do your assigned job effectively.

I would suggest submitting something current and briefer than your college exit paper/thesis. Write something that is applicable to the position for which you are applying. Use this as an additional tool to demonstrate your knowledge of the industry.

Have 1 to 2 people review for grammar and language before submitting.

I see ads in the paper that only have a fax number. Is there a way to figure out what company it is?

There is a trick that I use that works most of the time.

Take the fax number, put it into google.com search engine. Remember to put quotes around the numbers (ex: "914.525.0965"). Any website that features that number will come up.

When you call to follow up with that employer, they have not been inundated with calls and should be more receptive to speaking with you.

When asked how you found the number, mention that you "heard it through the grapevine".

The job I interviewed for is appealing but it only pays commission. I will only accept a base salary plus commission. What do I do from here?

Explain to them your interest in the job and reinforce your ability to do it successfully. If they give you an offer, explain how you would love to accept the position with a minimum base of XYZ plus commission but unfortunately, you can not accept for straight commission. You would like to stay in touch with them if anything were to change.

You never know where this may lead- perhaps their policy may change or a manager finds himself at a different company down the road where conditions of compensation would be different...

I will often get calls from employers while on the bus, in a bad reception zone or on my part time job. It can be hard to hear the person...

Remember the 1st impression you make over the phone is a strong one. If you do not recognize the caller, answer the phone in a professional manner (ex: “Lavie speaking”). When you are in job search mode, do not screen calls as if you are trying to get rid of a telemarketer. Be courteous at all times while determining who the caller is.

Pick up only if you are in an area where you can speak and be heard clearly.

Try to keep your list of places you have applied in front of you so you can easily access the information while speaking.

If the human resources department is calling with the intention of setting up an interview but does not have a strong impression over the phone, they may say “we will get back to you” instead of setting up the interview.

If it is not a good time, let the phone go to voicemail and return the call as soon as possible.

How do I answer the question, “What is your greatest weakness?”

Remember an interview is your chance to continue to ‘sell’ an employer on your appropriateness for their job opening. Every answer that you give should make your candidacy stronger.

I suggest explaining a challenge/problem that you may have had, what you went about doing to solve it and what the end result was.

Try to keep it in the realm of the industry for which you are applying.

Here is an example:

“Most of my computer skills were strong but I knew my Excel knowledge needed some work. I have been working diligently to practice in the evenings and learn all the unique features about the program. I now feel much more confident in my knowledge of the program and I continue to learn more everyday.”

An interviewer wants to get insight into how you will deal with challenges on the job. Show them how you approach a situation and can be successful no matter what the challenge.

Building Your Network

Remember when you stopped by your college career services office and asked how to find a job. They probably replied with some variation of the following: “Network, network, network!”
If you were like me, you might have found this to be a frustrating response.

Here is a practical application to building a network and then using it to get a job:

While in school I interned for a niche publishing company. I had a good experience and was interested in finding a job in this field when I graduated. Unfortunately, my contacts at the company had moved on.

I had been able to find the job listings for their competitor and applied on the company website regularly to no response. I liked to refer to this as ‘emails to the abyss”.

For fun, I went to a convention at the Javits center, where many movers and shakers would be present. I noticed there was an industry roundtable discussion group being held in a side hall.

I went over to watch and listen. In looking closer at the forum, I realized it was moderated by the director of sales/marketing at the company. I went over after the presentation and introduced myself. Keep in mind I was wearing jeans and a t-shirt. I briefly explained my prior internship experience and my interest in working in his department. He explained that I could apply through their website. I thanked him for the suggestion but inquired if I could follow up with him directly. He unenthusiastically gave me his card. I tried to reach him by phone two days later.

When I did not get a response I sent an email. In the email I summed up our conversation and emphasized my appropriate experience. He wrote back “Thanks Lavie, Sorry no jobs right now”. I inquired if I were to see a job that was a fit for me at his company if I could contact him. He wrote back, “Sure!” I saved the email and then stayed on top of the companies job listings via indeed.com. I waited for what I felt was a strong match to become available. I then tailored my resume specifically for that job- using industry keywords and terminology. He responded the next day that he forwarded to HR and I got hired shortly after.

While I quickly realized the job was not for me, it is an example I have used for years to explain to clients how they can build their own network.

I am not sure if some aspects of my job, like cold calling, would be appealing to all employers. Should I put it on my resume?

The resume should be a marketing piece for every job you apply to. If you feel cold calls will strengthen your candidacy for the position, put it on. Make sure to show your accomplishments. Anyone can make a call, but how can you quantitatively and qualitatively demonstrate your success?

Describe it on the resume as would be appropriate for that industry. Match it up as much as possible with the job description. Use that industries terminology.

If it does not relate to the job you are applying and is not a desired requirement for the position, you can leave it off.

I know corporate interviews can be a multistep process. What are the best ways to interview at each step?

In a corporate setting, it is not uncommon to go through several rounds of interviews. Your style and manner of answering should actually change for each round to fit what they are looking for.

Human Resources professionals are often the 1st level of interviewers. You may have a brief phone screening before coming into the office and if successful, you will be asked to meet with an internal recruiter.

The recruiter does not have an overall expertise of what you will be doing day to day on the job. For the most part, they will concentrate on your background in order to get an understanding of your goals, interest in their organization as well as your history.

The key here is to be able to adeptly explain why you left a job, how you got along with co-workers, what your knowledge is of their industry and the position to which you are applying and what are your aims.

You may then meet with an HR manager before the next stage:

Department Manager

The department manager’s main focus will be on understanding if you can do the job. What are your qualifications for the job, what are your technical skills, etc. You may be asked to demonstrate your knowledge through case studies and problem solving. This stage of interviewing would typically have the least fluff.

Explain here clearly, using examples, your knowledge of the tasks required in the job and your previous experience handling these responsibilities.

Future Co-Workers

Potential future co-workers may be asked to meet with you. They would like to know if they can work with you, how your attitude is and if you could contribute to the team.

Remember not to get too comfortable. Although everyone may seem ‘on your level’ for the first time in the process, maintain your professionalism! Use stories and examples that show you are a team player and will help out whenever necessary.

Vice President/Senior Management

At many organizations, a senior staff member will interview you before final approval is given. They will focus on your fit for the organization.

Give this person an overall strong picture of you. Demonstrate that you did your research into the organization and have a genuine interest in being part of the team.

I apply online to many jobs, sometimes I hear back right away and sometimes it takes months. By that time, I do not have the info! What should I do?

Maintain an organizational system for yourself when applying to jobs. I suggest using Excel to create a chart with the following: Name of the company, position applied to, how you heard about the job, when you applied and any outcome. Additionally, make sure to keep track of which resume you sent for the position (as it will change for every job you apply to- a point I touched upon in earlier posts) as well as the job description. If you prefer, a binder with all the necessary documents printed out will work too.

As you never know if you will hear within hours, days or months, its is important to be able to access the information at a moments notice

I have been working in non profit/government administration for a few years. Should I get my MBA?

Many people I meet who are currently working in non profit or government administration are considering the idea of entering graduate school for an MBA.

I have suggested to them to take a look at an MPA degree: Masters in Public Administration
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Public_Administration

This degree is more applicable to non profit or government work.

CUNY Baruch in one option. They have a highly respected MPA program at a comparatively discounted price to other New York metro area schools:

http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/spa/Academics/ExecutiveMPA.jsp

To get a practical idea of what a masters can do for you, use indeed.com and punch in the masters degree symbols along with your geographic location to see what type of jobs are looking for that degree along with what type of experience.

How/When should I follow up with an employer after an interview?

When an interview is wrapping up, inquire what the next steps will be and a possible timeframe to those next steps.

After an interview, a thank you note should be sent. The thank you note should be tailored specifically to reinforce issues of interest discussed in the interview.

If you have not heard back from the employer after the timeframe they gave you, follow up with a phone call. I suggest not leaving messages as it will not be prioritized. Try to reach the person on the phone.

If you are not hired, try to stay in touch with the person. Use the light touch at first: Email occasional articles to the person as an FYI or share other information that may be helpful.

After a few of those exchanges, invite them to connect on Linkedin.com

Looking towards the right industries for job opportunities

In an earlier post, I mentioned what industries are experiencing job growth and what are experiencing job decline.

This is applicable not only for the specialists in those industries but any profession where someone may be employed.

For example, A Network Administrator (Information Technology) recently laid off from their job at Lehman Brothers (http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D8VAQUT00.htm) might want to look at applying their skills in a hotter industry where they would have a need for Network Administrators such as Education and health care (Hospital, Health Insurance Offices), Leisure and hospitality(Large Hotel Chain IT Departments) and The government (many branches from which to choose: both state and federal).

I have a friend that went to a great school and got many job offers out of college. They were just layed off. What unique challenges do they face?

Many job seekers may have been recruited directly after college and might not yet have the job search skills required in a competitive marketplace. It may go from a feeling of being courted at one time to having to knock on doors. Layoffs and cutbacks are a daily part of doing business. It is important that one position themselves at all times for the future.

Importance of Eye Contact

In previous posts, I touched upon early impressions one makes, such as showing up on time for an interview, greeting the people at an organization respectfully and dressing appropriately.

Another very important impression you will make is with eye contact. It is very important to establish rapport with the interviewer(s) and maintain appropriate eye contact. If one is not giving eye contact, it may seem that you are not interested or receptive to what the person is saying.

Here is a helpful link for more info:

http://www.collegegrad.com/book/Competitive-Interview-Prep/The-Most-Important-Interview-Nonverbals/

Free/funded training programs

There are a variety of free (or funded) vocational training programs in New York held through various non profits in the city.

Here is an example of one in Brooklyn related to medical billing:

http://www.ouradio.org/images/uploads/JCCW_flyer_for_web__2_.pdf

Circle of Reciprocity

I picked up this term from a former co-worker. It means helping each other. What can you do to help people and what can they do to help you? The person that you help may not be able to directly help you in your career, but maybe someone they know can in the future.

This is one of the keys to networking: expand your network of contacts by assisting others

Can I list who I will be voting for in the next election in my online profile or on my resume?

I believe it is best to leave political views out of a professional profile in most circumstances. It is not applicable to most work and is an inappropriate topic for workplace discussion similar to religious views. The only circumstance where I might suggest using it is when the recipient's views (hiring manager at a company of interest) on this topic are clear. For example if you know the person is a big proponent of a political candidate (McCain/Hillary/Obama or whoever it may be), it might not hurt in creating a brief topic of discussion. Remember though, you want someone to know you in terms of what you can do professionally as opposed to your leaning in the next political debate.

Market Trends

In keeping with the theme of staying up to date on economic trends as it relates to your job search, it is important to be aware of what areas are experiencing job growth and what are experiencing job loss.

According to a yahoo article (http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080307/ap_on_bi_go_ec_fi/economy) on Labor Market stats,

Those areas that gained jobs:

Education and health care
Leisure and hospitality
The government

Those areas that lost jobs:

construction
manufacturing
retailing
financial services
variety of professional and business services.

Should I stay at one company or switch jobs when new opportunities arise?

Ah, the million dollar question. This of course would depend on where you are and what opportunities are available. If you work in a midsize company, your path to slow growth might lead to limited returns as opposed to switching to a larger company, where the opportunity to grow is bigger. Perhaps the midsize company today can be the industry leader tomorrow. Of course, your career can stall for any number of reasons and progression can slow to a crawl or even stop. Ones career is a journey without absolute knowledge of what lies ahead. The best we can do is equip ourselves with as much knowledge and experience as possible to be able to seize and search out the right opportunities when they become available.

Folsom Prison Blues or job opportunities?

Similar to my post related to bankruptcy law firms (see below), it is very important to stay on top of current events to be aware of job opportunities.

Last week I saw an article in the paper that 1 out of every 100 people in the US is incarcerated. Now, working in a prison is certainly not for everybody (or even for most!), but there are opportunities.

Besides the obvious jobs within the four walls (such as prison guards), it is important to think about what other professions/industries stand to benefit.

Here are just a few:

Social Workers
Educators (GED Instruction)
Law Firms (Lawyers, Paralegals, Support Staff)
Mental Health/ Disease Prevention workers
Food Suppliers
Manufacturing Companies (supply mattresses, bedding, trays and plastic ware)
Non profits that work with prisoners already released (ex offenders) and those about to be re-released with such issues as job placement/work readiness programs

Can you think of additional opportunities?

True Story

When I graduated college and was looking for a job, I saw an advertisement in the NY Times to be trained to help people find employment. This sounded appealing to me. I sent my generic resume and cover letter immediately. Needless to say, I did not get a call back.

Two weeks later, I saw the ad again. I said to myself “I know I can do the job, I just have to show it to them!”. I emphasized how I created unique internship opportunities for myself in college in addition to assisting friends in need find work. I got a call back the next day and was hired.

The above true story speaks to the importance of tailoring ones resume specifically to the job. The same candidate, applying for the same job, may get a response back solely based upon the strength of the resume.

How do I figure out how much my skills and experience are worth to an employer?

Salary.com is a good start to determining an appropriate salary range for your position.

I would suggest surveying a few professionals you respect, who work in your field of interest, to determine an appropriate figure.

See previous posts related to salary negotiation.

US News article on keeping your job

US News and World Report has an article related to keep your job in a down economy (http://www.usnews.com/articles/business/careers/2008/02/21/how-to-keep-your-job-in-a-slowdown.html).

This article did not resonate with me. I feel that it falls too much into the category of "fear based conditioning". It is important not to go through your career in fear of losing your job.

I teach clients to learn the skills how to effectively market their skills in any economy. When the opportunity hits for the next step in your career, whether internally or externally, it is important to seize it.

Feel free to post your thoughts.

If given the option to email or fax my resume, should I do both?

I feel that one initial means of communication is sufficient. I would suggest emailing the resume as it will come out clearer in that format. It is more likely to arrive to the right individual at the company via email as opposed to 'the office fax'.

Any communication you have with a company should be timely and effective in marketing your skills to the employer.

If you have not heard back after a week and a half, at that point, follow up with the company contact to reinforce your candidacy.

I would like to grow my network through inviting people I do not know on social networking websites to connect. Will this help in my job search?

I think I'll start with Linkedin and work from there. At 1st my thoughts were "numbers!" and I started adding people who were LIONS (Linked In Open Networkers) - they are open to all invites and will add you.

When I thought about it, I realized my reputation was on the line and I took off all the LION's and only kept people I know or have had some interaction with (for example, phone conversation and emails back and forth).

Since I am connecting with people in some way, it is a reflection on me. When I have some connection with the person, I am comfortable emailing them to solicit advice and get their opinion. While it may be socially acceptable to increase your numbers, I feel the more diluted it gets, the less value it has.

Emailing a person for advice/job suggestions may be acceptable- but if you do not know them it holds similar weight to a 'cold email'

At least for professional purposes- I would suggest growing your numbers exponentially through warm leads- former co-workers, long lost classmates, passing acquaintances, as at least in those case, they have met you and you have some connection.

Should I get my MBA?

It depends upon the person and their situation. Here is my impression from working with many clients in this sitaution (remember not all rules are hard and fast- so I'd like to read your feedback):

If you can get in to a top business school after undergrad and do fairly well academically, you will be recruited out of business school and not have much difficulty in finding a position of interest.

If you go to an “OK” or lower ranked business school right after undergrad, you will be in a difficult position. After you graduate, you will have too much education for entry-level jobs but not enough experience for mid-level positions.

Going to business school after you have gained 5+ years of experience will allow you to leverage your work experience into greater opportunities internally, at your current position, as well as externally, at other organizations.

How can social networking sites, such as Linkedin.com and Facebook, affect my job search?

The most important thing a candidate should be mindful of at this time is what information they are sharing over the internet.

Is there something on Facebook, MySpace or LinkedIn that they would not want to share with an employer?

I do suggest to job seekers to use their LinkedIn.com profile as an additional selling tool to employers. Share the information that would be most applicable to them and make it clear what your objectives and qualifications are.

I have had a few jobs in the last couple of years and it looks like I am a job hopper. What should I do?

There is nothing to be embarrassed about by not holding just one job in your career. People choose to leave employment situations for many reasons- better opportunity financially, more responsibility, better life/work balance, etc.

What is important is to be able to convey to employers most effectively why you switched as would be appealing to them. Speak of the opportunity to gain additional experience or knowledge as opposed to any negatives you experienced in a previous job.

Remember though that a resume is not a life history. Use years instead of months and reveal only the information that is most appropriate for the job you are applying.

I would like to change industries. What are the important points to convey?

Begin with your strengths. Emphasize the transferable skills and experience. Explain what you can do using the terms and language appropriate to that industry. Give a detailed explanation of why their field is now of interest to you. Make sure to do your homework in understanding the company, their business sector and any other relevant information.

Re: References Available Upon Request

Job seekers should use this terminology when applying as I suggest not providing references readily. If an employer is not yet serious about your candidacy, there is no reason they should be calling references yet. The reference will get annoyed at a heavy volume of calls and it should only be used at the last stages of a hire. If your references are well respected business professionals, a recruiter might take the names and call them to solicit business.

Current Market Conditions

In every economy- good and bad, certain businesses and professions will succeed because of those market conditions.

Bankruptcy Law Firms have an increased demand for attorneys because of the number of companies filing for bankruptcy and reorganization. In turn, this would lead to an increased need to support those professionals- such as paralegal and administrative staff.

In a bad economy, it is important to follow the money trail to find the jobs.

Should I meet with recruiters? It has often been a frustrating process.

I think similar to the Real Estate field; bad apples can spoil the bunch.

Many people have felt duped meeting with recruiters as they expect to receive a job referral after having spent time meeting the outside recruitment agency.

It is important to speak to the recruiter on the phone before you meet with them. Determine if they have actual job openings in mind for you or are just having you in to increase their candidate pool on the off chance that something will come up.

Recruitment works best in specialized fields- such as recruiters that focus on attorneys with a background in patent law, whose accounts are Fortune 500 companies as opposed to general firms.

I have had recent good experience building relationships with a couple recruitment companies on behalf of my clients. Feel free to contact me for potential recruiter referral.

I have a Masters degree. A job listing in my field requires only a HS diploma + prior work. BA preferred. Should I apply?

With a HS Diploma the minimum requirement, it can be a cause for concern- especially as it relates to the salary scale.

But- they do prefer a BA and prior experience in the field so it is a higher level position that for “just” a HS grad.

If it is the type of organization that interests you, and the work is appealing to you- might be worth exploring and seeing what the full story is.

You never know: perhaps the salary is commensurate with your experience, there may be other positions in the organization or you can make a future valuable contact by attending the interview.

How do I decline a job offer?

It is common courtesy to inform an employer that you will be declining an offer.

Here is a basic format:

http://www.quintcareers.com/sample_declining_letter.html

I would suggest being specific in explaining what areas you would like to concentrate your job search.

You never know if this employer (who was impressed by you and wanted to hire you) might have a more appropriate job opening or has a contact at a partner company that would be a better fit.

I am an undergraduate student in business school. How do I get a summer internship in New York in my field?

I was a business major in college and sought out and secured many interesting internships (Marvel Comics, Major League Soccer and the Manhattan Center/Hammerstein Ballroom).
Many companies have formalized internship programs while others do not but would be open to the idea.

Research the type of company you would want to work for: size, corporate culture, business sector, etc.

Determine what you would like to gain from the internship: Money, Job Prospects, Future contacts, on the job training, College Credit, etc.

Make a list of as many companies as you can that fit into your requirements. Go to their websites. See if they have a formalized internship program. If they do, follow the steps to applying.

If they do not have a formalized program, try to determine a person that the company that you should be contacting. Perhaps the manager of a department/sector of their business that is of interest to you. Prepare a well thought out cover letter that explains your interest in interning for the company as well as your qualifications.

Target your resume, as much as possible, as would be appealing for the employer. Emphasize prior pt/internship experience that would have relevancy as opposed to camp counselor. Include coursework that relates as well.

Follow up after a few weeks with a phone call if you have not heard back.

Of course, ask friends/family members and professors if they know of any appropriate internships in your field of interest. A company employee vouching on your behalf will help the process greatly.

When I am out for the day and away from my apartment, I often get calls from employers who would like to see me as soon as possible...

Ms. Smith asks: When I am out for the day and away from my apartment, I often get calls from employers who would like to see me as soon as possible. Should I go to the interview right away? I am usually casually dressed.

As long as you can see the employer within a reasonable time (a few business days), It is important to give yourself time to prepare before the interview such as reviewing the job description, qualifications and company website in addition to wearing the appropriate outfit.

But if you feel you are already well prepared and anxious to interview, how about having an 'emergency interview outfit' in your bag at all times? For example, a professionally appropriate skirt/top or dress that would be light to carry around in an oversized pocket book or carrying bag.

What should I do when a company asks for references?

For most professional based positions, an employer will ask the potential hire to provide references in the latter most stages of the interview process.

It is best to keep the references as professional as possible. Those who are in a more senior capacity, that you have worked with closely on the job, are probably best.

If you do not want to provide your last supervisor, use another individual in the company in a senior capacity to you.

If those are not available, you can use former co-workers in most cases.

People that work for large companies most of the time will normally provide the most basic information. Many people are afraid of saying something that could be considered libelous and be sued after. But make sure to use only those people that you feel you have had a positive relationship with.

Check in from time to time with your references. Confirm that they are comfortable continuing to give you a reference as well as make sure that their contact info remains accurate.
Be protective of your references in general. In some cases, recruiters will even use the contact info to create more leads.

Information Technology Sector

As I mentioned last week, I regularly read Monday's New York Post for the NYP @ Work Section.The feature article focused on the in demand jobs in today's economy.The section on IT (Information Technology) stood out to me.While there is a perception that many of the jobs are going overseas, certain areas are experiencing strong demand and growth potential:" Software engineers who can map technical solutions to business problems; for network and security professionals who understand how information is stored, exchanged and kept secure; and for managers who make sure projects are delivered on time and on budget."

Should I look for a job long distance or move to the area I would like to work?

It is a challenge to search for a job long distance but not impossible.

If you already have a residence in the location you would like to work, use that on your resume. It will help to increase your chances of a call back.

If an employer is interested in interviewing you, you must be available to see them in person within a reasonable time frame. This can become costly if it involves airfare. The number of companies that will pay travel expenses for a interview is rare and mostly limited to executive level positions.

When you are already living in the region where you would like to work, it becomes less challenging. You are now available to interview in a timely matter. There are also less questions related to your serious interest in the position and commitment to moving just for this position.

The ability to leave a job and move to a region in hopes of finding a new job must be balanced with a person’s current financial and family situation. Are you in the position to pay for a move and possibly lose months of income before the new job is secured?

How do I look for a job if I am working full time?

Create a plan for yourself to search for a job while you are still working.

Designate certain non working hours during the day to source for jobs on the internet and apply for jobs. This can be early morning or evening hours. Save time by using Indeed.com as a search engine to find listings for you and have them emailed to you directly.

Use the weekends to do your networking. Follow up with phone calls and in person meetings during this time.

Respond to employer messages during your lunch hour. Find a quite place to make calls and have your schedule ready to determine your availability. If you have a personable blackberry or PDA to respond to email messages that would be helpful as well.

Employers will understand that you have a job and will try to accommodate you within reason. Try to set up interviews before working hours begin, during lunch hours and just after traditional work hours. For example, some employers will be willing to meet with you at 5:30pm.

Make sure to bank as many personal hours and vacation days as possible. If you can not set up an interview during non traditional hours, you will have to use one of these. Try to make the most use out of the day by setting up 2-3 within that off day.

I have two distinct roles (along with job titles) in my current job. How do I handle that on the resume?

Use the job title most appropriate for the position to which you are applying. As long as it honestly represents you, there is nothing wrong with it. Remember the resume is a marketing piece for the position to which you are applying, not a life history. Many of us wear many hats in our jobs, emphasize the hat that is a fit for that employer.

Can I get a job volunteering for a political campaign?

Yes, it is possible to get a job that way working for the candidate if he is elected to office. It is a useful networking tool regardless. You are meeting other professionals that are passionate about similar issues as you. You have the opportunity to make the impression on them. The people you meet on the campaign trail or the people that they know and can refer you to may know of a job for you as well.

Make sure to convey to the people that you meet useful information about your background: prior work experience, education and skills so it is easy for them to draw a connection for you regarding potential job opportunities they may come across.

I am interning while going to post graduate classes but I really need a ft/pt job. I want to do it all. I barely have time to interview. What do I do?

1st thing is to balance your short term needs with your long term goals. What opportunities will provide the most immediate cash and what will lead to better opportunities in the future. Prioritize what is most important to you at this point.

2nd, see if interviewers are available to meet with you early AM, are close enough to interview during lunch time or after traditional working hours

3rd, See if you can schedule your internship to have your hours remain the same or slightly reduced but free up more days. For example instead of 24 hours in 3 days, try to do 18-19 hours in 2 days

The interviewer did not think I was a fit but is forwarding my resume for a junior level opportunity. What do I do from here?

Send the person that interviewed you a thank you letter. Mention the fact that they said they would forward your resume for the more junior level opportunity. Inquire in the email when would be a good time to follow up.

Give it a week. If you do not hear back, try to reach the person that interviewed you on the phone to follow up further. Remind them again of your previous conversations and see where it goes from there.

The Trojan Horse Method

The situation: Client graduated with an accounting degree but would like to be involved in running a non profit/event management company/ publishing business- etc.

Use your accounting degree as an in to your field of interest. Take every opportunity to grow your responsibilities in the company day by day to a point where you become an integral part of the organization’s core business.

I call this the Trojan Horse method. Except with a positive expected outcome for you and the company!

Importance of being on time

What is the 1st impression you make when you arrive for an interview?

The greeting you give?

The outfit you are wearing?

How your hair is combed?

It is the time your arrive. Being on time is the 1st proof to an employer that you are a responsible person. If comes 5-10 minutes late for their interview, how late will they be to work every morning.

Leave plenty of extra time to get to the interview. Go into the building about 10-15 minutes before the interview is scheduled to begin as you may be given an application to fill out.

A little more about what I do...

My focus is on empowering the job seeker to create an extensive network of employers for themselves, being a great interviewer, having a targeted resume for every job and getting the most appropriate salary possible. Of course if I feel an appropriate 'shiduch' (jewish word for making a match) can be made for my clients between employer and job seeker, I am happy to send the resume.

Recession Job Market

Very well written article in the WSJ on how recessions typically affect the job market. What industries suffer first, what do ok and what thrive under such conditions.

Additionally, they give tips for job seekers in such a market. Not sure if I agree on the pay cut idea.

Read on to see what you think:

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120113098025711569.html

"What would indicate that one is being eliminated because he is too old? From my work history employers can tell I am in 50's."

A resume should be a marketing piece for you as opposed to a life/work history. Do not reveal anymore information that you have to. Your work experience should only stretch back between 10-15 years and you can also leave off your dates of graduation.

Also some industries are friendlier then others towards the mature worker. For example, Park Ave. advertising companies are notoriously 'youth oriented' while social service agencies, non profits and businesses that appeal to baby boomers can see many years experience as a strength as opposed to a negative. (Of course age discrimination of any kind is illegal, but this is a whole other topic).

Using Linkedin.com effectively for finding work

I think the most effective way to use LinkedIn for networking purposes is to add all friends/associates to your network. Do not worry if you do not feel that this person will know anyone, you will often be surprised at who they know. But only add someone if you would feel comfortable being associated with them.

Once you have built up your online network, search your friends/colleagues contacts for related fields of interest to you. Approach your connection and inquire if they would be comfortable asking their connection if you can contact them to discuss your field.

Have a specific aim in contacting that person.

I also suggest sourcing jobs publicly such as through indeed.com and then searching your network for contacts in this area.

I think anyone at the company is ok- closer to the dept. the better- but if someone can forward your info internally, it will increase the chances of a callback.

NY Post @ Work Section

I find the NY Post @ Work Section (in every Monday edition) to be a helpful resource. I enjoy reading the feature articles.

Every week they focus on a particular industry or field as well as answer common questions from those in the job market.

I do not always agree with the advice but it is always helpful to hear various ideas. It is important to listen to the idea but take from it what works for you.

I am not sure of the online availability of this section as I buy the actual paper

The email address on your resume

When applying to jobs, remember to use an email address that represents you in a professional light.

Using variations on your name would be best. For example, I use Laviemarg@yahoo.com in all professional situations.

Emails that give reference to your favorite television programs, sports activities and independent rock band are not appropriate when applying to a job. Of course, never email employers from your work account.

Good online resource

http://www.quintcareers.com/ is a great site for getting practical examples on interviewing strategy, sample cover letters/resumes and salary negotiation.

Recruiters VS. Job Search Advisement

External recruiters work for the employer. They are routing candidates for appropriateness for their client’s job openings. Their focus is on receiving commission for a ‘placing’ someone in an appropriate job opening.

My role as a Job Search Advisor is to act as a coach, educator and helping hand to you. I will work with you closely on learning all aspects of the job search process and sharpen the necessary skills. I clearly define all given advice and site practical examples for applying methods to increasing job search success.

Following up with the employer on the resume you sent

I suggest waiting two weeks for employers to respond to your application for a publicly posted job.

A call that begins with “Did you get my resume?” will be met with resistance on the other end of the line.

If you have he name of the person you sent it to or can determine the appropriate person, begin the call w/ a brief explanation of who you are and why you are calling, then let them know what you applied for and inquire if they had the chance to review it.

If not, ask if you can resend it and when would be a good time to follow up.

Positive Reinforcement

When someone is encouraged in their work, they often want to go that extra mile.

It even works for me.

Here is a nice note I received from a current client:" Thanks so much - resumes used to seem like the impossible but with your explanations they are now doable.”

1oo best companies to work for?

Here is a list of the "100 best companies to work for" and why:

http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2008/full_list/index.html

While searching for the next job opportunity, it is important to think about what aspects of a job are most important to you: salary, management style, corporate culture, corporate responsibility, working hours, etc.

While one job might be great for one type of person, it might be a terrible fit for another. Define what are keys for you and the next job you accept is likely to be a better experience than the last.

Job Search, At All Times

Every day, the news reports bring a reminder of the fragility of our current economy and in turn, the job market.

I feel that it is important to constantly be on top of the opportunities available to you and keep your skills sharp.

When you are forced to look for a job, the same opportunities might not be available if you had kept your eyes open for the right opportunity at all times (including when you are working).

Maintain the pulse of the job market through your industry contacts and job listings. If the right opportunity comes along, seize it while it is available.

Who should I use for references?

An employer will often ask for 2-3 references before you are hired.

Keep the references as professional as possible.

If you left a job on good terms, inquire w/ your supervisor if they would be comfortable giving a strong reference.

If you are not comfortable asking such a person, inquire with someone else in management or co-workers.

Make sure to check in every once in awhile with references. Confirm that they are still ok w/ giving you one and that it would not be a problem.

I regularly wear a Kippah. Someone told me not to wear it on an interview. What should I do?

It is important that you do what you are most comfortable with. If you plan to wear the kippah every day to work and want a company to respect your beliefs, you should wear it to an interview.

Why would you want to work somewhere where the people will not be respectful of you?

For questions on Sabbath observance, see earlier post.

How long should a resume be?

In academia, a curriculum vitae would be used. This covers all areas of education a person may have studied, all places the person was published, where they have spoken and presented their findings, etc.

This can often run several pages.

In all other fields it is best to keep the resume to 1-2 pages. A recent graduate would normally have a one pages resume and a seasoned executive would have a two page version.

What is a 'Summary' and how do I use it?

A summary would appear near the top of your resume after your name, address, phone, email, etc.

A summary, as the name implies, summarizies the information necessary for the employer to know about you for a particular position. Your summary should change for each position you apply to emphasize the key facts of importance to that employer.

Creativity is not essential here. Mirror the job description as long as those requirements and position duties apply to you.

Here is an example of mine:

SUMMARY: Employment placement professional with 5 years of related experience including assisting foreign born job seekers in career development and counseling. Ability to prepare individuals for competitive employment in the job market. Demonstrated history of success in helping job seekers to effectively market their skills in interviews, resume writing, cover letter preparation and related subject matter. Worked with job seekers from a variety of backgrounds including Information Technology, Accounting, Finance, Education and Social Services. Excellent interpersonal abilities with public speaking experience in front of crowds of 100+. Businesslike demeanor with caring and resourceful nature.

Can you get a job from an Internet job postings?

Yes- I kid you not

“I heard you can’t get jobs on the internet so I stopped looking” is something I hear every once in awhile.

The Internet is one resource in your bag of tricks. If you only use the major job boards without targeting you resume and cover letter, your response rate with be low.

If you carefully evaluate each job before applying, target all information and expand your resources beyond the major job boards to industry specific job sites and company websites, the Internet can be a very valuable resource.

Since this is sales, a one in ten positive response leading to an interview is success.

Is it a good idea to ask “how many other candidates are being interviewed for this position”?

The importance of an interview is to sell your skills as is appropriate for the position. A question like the one above will not help you to get the job. Spend the time you have wisely. Ask pointed questions that demonstrate your knowledge of their industry.

I often make parallels to dating. Would it be a good idea to ask on a date how many additional blind dates a person has that month?

The job has many requirements listed. I am not sure if I match all of them. Should I apply?

The 80/20 rule works here. If you are a match for 80% of the requirements for the position, apply. If it is less than that, better to concentrate on a more appropriate opportunity.

Reminder: Make sure that 80%+ stands out in your resume and cover letter.

How and when do I follow up after an interview?

When an interview is wrapping up, make sure to express your interest in the next steps in the process. Ask if you may take their card and when would be a good time to follow up.

Make sure to send a thank you note and again reinforce your interest in the position.

Wait until the timeframe the employer has given you regarding hearing from them has passed before contacting again. Ex: If they say you will hear by Thursday, contact on Friday.

I would suggest sending a follow up email at that point. Wait a few days and then follow up with a phone call. After leaving one phone message, do not leave additional ones. You can try back again after a few days. If you get the answering machine again, just try back later.

Online Job Search

Indeed.com is a great resource for job sourcing. I like to refer to it as the 'google' for jobs. You can search for jobs by company name, job title or keyword. Once you find the type of jobs you are looking for, have the results emailed to you.

Family Stress During the Job Search

Searching for a job can be stressful not only personally but with outside stress as well. Family and friends can often be insensitive with questions or comments such as “Why aren’t you working yet?” or “your still in that dead end job?”.

It is important to manage the stress as much as possible during the job search.

Take the time to explain to a family member or friend the challenge of finding the right opportunity and the power of positive thinking.

Explain (if you feel necessary) what steps you are taking towards finding the right opportunity and how they might be able to help you.

Make sure to take time to relax before an interview as the more confident you come across in yourself (without being cocky), the more likely you are to obtain the position.

How can I get the highest job offer?

The key to the highest job offer is not to reveal how much you are looking for until you receive an offer.

Larger companies have organizational charts including salary ranges they can offer for each position.

If you reveal how much you are looking for early on, you may be eliminated based on price or receive a lower offer than the company was willing to pay.

When questioned, or asked to put a salary demand on paper- write 'open to negotiation' or give a wide range (Ex: $50,000-$65,000)

After a company has placed an advertisement in the newspaper, vetted through hundreds of resumes, called you in for multiple interviews, checked your references and decided you are the best candidate, then you are in the best place to negotiate.

Do your research. Understand what your skills are worth in that sector of the market. Do not agree to the first offer but express a strong interest in the position. Come back with a reasonable offer and give the company time to meet you somewhere in the middle.

I am Sabbath Observant, How do I tell a potential new boss?

An often difficult question vexing potential new employees is bringing up the issue of Sabbath and holiday observance.

I would suggest not bringing up the issue until late in the interviewing process. Wait until you are in the final stages of the interview or have received an offer. Clearly explain what time off you require and how you can make up the time.

What is an Elevator Pitch?

Think of the time between entering the elevator in the lobby and exiting at your floor. Can you clearly explain your job skills, background and education in that time? If not, practice.

This is a very important skill in searching for the right job opportunity. Of course, most of the time you will not actually be in the elevator when speaking to a prospective contact!

Right Company, Wrong Department?

While often a trite term, I feel that "You have to be in it, to win it" applies here. Focus in on both your short term and long term goals.

While taking a position at a company in a divergent department might seem to take you off on an unwanted path, it actually might help you in the long run.

You are able to meet difference makers in the company, learn the corporate culture and be an internal candidate when the right opportunity presents itself.

Networking without a network?

Network- the term used to frustrate me as I felt I had some friends and family members who might want to help me when looking for a job but did not have a big enough network to obtain my ideal position.

I suggest creating your own network. Be in places where difference makers will be, be ready to present your skills as would be appealing to them, and follow up appropriately.

An example would be attending an industry convention. Casually approaching a panel member with an 'elevator pitch' that captures their interest and shows your knowledge of the industry. Request a follow up meeting for a informational interview.

Using the resume and cover letter as a marketing piece

Spend the time 'targeting' your resume and cover letter specifically for each job you are applying. Make sure the items emphasized in the advertisement, as key requirements to the position, stand out clearly on your resume.